Profile: Applied Photophysics Ltd. manufactures & supplies precision spectrometers for the study of circular dichroism, stopped-flow kinetics and laser flash photolysis. We offer chirascan CD spectrometer, chirascan-plus CD spectrometer, SX20 stopped-flow spectrometer, LKS.60 laser flash photolysis and RX.2000 reaction analyzer. Our SX20 stopped-flow spectrometer is used to study transient and pre-steady state kinetics of fast, liquid phase chemical & biochemical reactions initiated by the rapid mixing & stopping (stopped-flow) of the reactants. Our LKS.60 nanosecond laser flash photolysis spectrometer provides one of the most effective methods for studying by direct measurement of the reactions of transient species such as radicals, excited states or ions, in chemical and biological systems.